Monday, 18 July 2016

Large Cap Funds are Safer and Stable : A Must for Wealth Creation

Large Cap Funds are safer and provide stability and must, therefore be considered for wealth creations by you.

It is a known phenomenon that large-cap funds provide stability and weather hostile economic conditions.
You too recognize that large caps are safer and provide stability to their portfolios for wealth creation.
Even financial planners ask investors to make large-cap funds an integral part of their portfolios - ahead of mid-cap and small-cap funds.

Typically, during volatile times when growth is subdued, large-cap funds or even stocks provide cushion as they constitute companies with established businesses, strong revenues and hike in market share. If we dig data, we will find that several large-cap funds have delivered returns in the range of 5% to 10%, whereas equity markets have given returns of hardly 1.5%. This shows that many large-cap funds have withstood unstable times.

However, it must be noted that large-cap funds have always remained competitive against midcap and small-cap funds along with multi-cap funds over the last few years. In the last 10 years, on an average large-cap funds have delivered returns of 11.5% while small-cap and mid-cap funds have given returns of 15.7% and 16.4%, respectively in the same time frame.

The important factor for you to consider is that you should not fall for returns of mid cap and small-cap funds as they tend to fall more than large-cap funds in bear markets.

This article explains you important aspects of investing in large-cap funds and staying invested in them during volatile market conditions to emerge victorious.


WHY INVEST IN LARGE-CAP FUNDS ?

The current rise in the market, which began towards the end of 2013, has finally faded due to a host of international as well as domestic factors. Globally, factors like Fed policy, economic slowdown in China and surging oil prices have kept the Indian markets on a tight rope.
On the Indian front, stable inflation - although it has started surging ahead - and high interest rates have kept the equity markets positive.

The Banking sector is not only the backbone of the Indian economy but also forms an important part of the large-cap index and BSE 100 index. In the past few months, efforts were made to clean up the banking system, initiate rate cuts and transmit them to lower rates. Government measures in manufacturing and railways sectors
are likely to bring India out of the economic slump and help a number of large-cap stocks.

Investors who believe in the long-term growth story of India and want less volatility in their portfolios can certainly look at investing in large-cap funds that have the ability to give positive returns in the next five to ten years.

BALANCE INVESTMENTS BETWEEN LARGE- AND MIDCAP FUNDS

The advantage and disadvantage of having large-cap funds in one’s portfolio is that they mirror the performance of the equity markets as fund managers have lesser scope of deviation from index weights.
 

However, as explained herein, there are many funds like SBI Bluechip Fund, Birla Sun Life Frontline Equity and ICICI Prudential Top 100, among others that have their own investment strategies and a history of outperformance across market cycles.
 

In the past few months, many funds have seen little underperformance in large-cap funds largely due to investments in sectors like software and pharmaceuticals, which have been a little stressed. Again, investments in banking and financial services have witnessed tough times over the past two years, affecting the entire large-cap fund basket.

For diversification, you need to understand that the level of
diversification differs for large-cap funds as compared to mid-cap or small-cap funds. It is a known fact that large-cap stocks are more liquid, which means that it is easier to enter and exit these stocks without impacting the price of the stock on any given day.



Must Read : Best 3 Midcap Churning Money For Investors

The functioning issue in mid-caps is the lack of liquidity which can become crucial during bear markets or volatile times when fund managers do not get the desired price to sell their holding in the mid-cap or the small-cap segment.


As far as large-cap funds are concerned it helps that the overall market capitalization of large-cap stocks is high (in the context of domestic equity market capitalization) and it is easier to buy just one or two stocks within a sector or a theme. 
For example, if a fund manager is bullish on India’s growth, he will invest in State Bank of India (SBI), Larsen & Toubro (L&T) owing to long-term faith in these companies despite some short-term reservations. In a large-cap fund, given that the stocks are liquid and well-established, you can get reasonable sector exposure with fewer companies. 

On the other hand, in mid- and small-cap funds, the number of stocks can be higher as sometimes you cannot buy just one stock for the total value of exposure the fund managers want and they might buy four or five stocks with similar characteristics.

Overall this kind of tricky situation arises when there is a bull market. But it is always advisable for you to have diversification and a larger share  of portfolio in large-cap funds rather than mid-cap and small-cap funds.

Must Read : Best ELSS Tax Savings Funds to Invest in India in 2016 for Long Term

IN A NUTSHELL

Given the returns of Indian equity markets, many times mid- and small-cap funds have been able to deliver better returns than large-cap funds. However, that does not mean your should stay away from large caps and invest only in mid-cap
funds. Though many times, large cap funds have underperformed the broader equity markets, it cannot be
the only criteria in determining where you must invest your hard-earned money.


You should understand that performance of various schemes varies significantly from each other even within the same category. It is important that you consider the long-term track record and analyze the potential of funds to generate  higher risk-adjusted returns before investing in any mutual fund.

After thinking of proper funds to invest, your should look at their risk appetite and risk tolerance level as they also play an important part in your decision making. The best thing
for your is to adopt proper asset allocation strategy.


If you have 65%-70% equity in your portfolio and the remaining in  debt funds, you should invest at least 50%-60% of its equity exposure in large-cap funds and the remaining in mid- and small-cap funds.
However, you should continue to review your portfolios and adjust or change asset allocation according to gains or losses made in the period 


Must Read : Why Liquid Funds are better alternative to Savings Bank A/C


It’s a thumb rule in equity markets globally that the longer the investors stay in the market, the lesser is the risk of losing money, and market volatility affecting their portfolio.
You must look at the history of any mutual fund before investing in it. In the Indian markets there are several funds such as HDFC Top 200, Franklin India Bluechip Fund and Reliance Growth Fund, which are two-decade- old funds and have given annualized returns in the range of 21% to 14%, respectively.


For you it is always better to expect your funds to do well under all market conditions. But under difficult circumstances, one must learn to ignore short-term underperformance of your funds. You should invest in a fund that has a proven long-term record and comes from a fund house that follows prudent investment processes and systems. 


The selection of the right mutual fund also plays a crucial role in investment and long term wealth creation for you.
A large-cap fund should remain the core portion of an equity investor's portfolio. These funds have lower risk as compared to a small- or mid-cap fund and a sector fund. So, any investor who needs to invest in the equity space should allocate a large portion of his/her portfolio in large-cap funds.
If you are a First-time investor you should not just look at returns of mid- and small-cap funds and invest there but should first invest in large-cap funds, and eventually shift your money to thematic or mid-cap funds.


I hope you enjoyed reading the article , it takes time to write  articles with facts and figures, request you to please spread the word. A good way to start is to share this page on your social circle using floating social share bar on the left.

Who doesn't like a financial healthy life,In case if you want one contact me for Financial Planning, please do drop an email to me at vipuls1979@gmail.com. I would be happy to assist you

Mutual Funds & Insurance Related Articles :-
Benefits of SIP

What is STP in mutual Funds
Best 3 Large Cap Mutual Funds for SIP in 2016 
Best 3 Midcap Mutual Funds for SIP in 2016
Best ELSS Tax Savings Mutual Funds for SIP in 2016
Why you should not buy ULIP 
How to Select Mutual Fund for Portfolio
Liquid Funds are better alternative than Savings Bank account 
What is FMP in Mutual Funds
Complete Guide on Monthly Income Plans
Complete Guide on Credit Opportunities Fund
How to Save Tax using Equity Linked Savings Scheme
How to Budget Your Money
How Much Insurance Do You Really Need
Why Should you buy Term Insurance Upto 60 Years
5 Must Have Insurance Policies for Women

Disclaimer  :-
The Article is only for information purposes and Vipul Shah (https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com) is not providing any professional/investment advice through it. The article does not constitute or is not intended to constitute an offer to buy or sell, or a solicitation to an offer to buy or sell financial products, units or securities. https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com disclaims warranty of any kind, whether express or implied, as to any matter/content contained in this article, including without limitation the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com and its subsidiaries / affiliates / sponsors / trustee or their officers, employees, personnel, directors will not be responsible for any direct/indirect loss or liability incurred by the user as a consequence of his or any other person on his behalf taking any investment decisions based on the contents of this guide. Use of this article is at the user’s own risk. The user must make his own investment decisions based on his specific investment objective and financial position and using such independent advisors as he believes necessary. https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com does not warrant completeness or accuracy of any information published in this guide. All intellectual property rights emerging from this article are and shall remain with https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com. This article is for your personal use and you shall not resell, copy, or redistribute this article , or use it for any commercial purpose. All names and situations depicted in the article are purely fictional and serve the purpose of illustration only. Any resemblance between the illustrations and any persons living or dead is purely coincidental.
 

Tuesday, 12 July 2016

Top 3 ELSS or Tax Saving Mutual Fund to Invest in 2016

ELSS is the best tax saving investment which offers dual advantage of tax savings as well as wealth creation in long term. But, Every ELSS is may not be the best for you. Neither, the best ELSS of 2015 may not necessarily remain best ELSS in 2016. The market conditions,change in Fund Manager, Mutual Fund Size etc, Hence you need a review to your ELSS SIP. In this post, I will handpicked the best 3 ELSS to invest in 2016 via SIP for long term wealth creation.

If you search google for "best tax saving mutual funds in india" you will find different bloggers and website providing you a list of top 10 ELSS scheme or Top 10 tax savings mutual funds but this confuses you even more because every other websites recommends one or the other different schemes and you are not in a position to take decision in which mutual fund scheme to invest


I have specifically handpicked 3 best ELSS schemes to invest and i am also invested in Reliance Tax Saver & Franklin India Tax Shield with a monthly SIP of Rs 2500 each. I believe "Charity begins from home" and as you have landed on this page it is my responsibility to provide you with as much as accurate information so that your money grows

Must Read : Why Real Estate is and was a Dull Investment

Lets explore the top 3 Tax Savings Funds in India and I have not selected Axis Long Term Equity Fund the only reason being fund has almost reached AUM of Rs 9291 Cr, the bigger the size of fund scheme bigger the problem of fund manager. Here is a post where in i have mentioned how large AUM impact the fund returns click here to read the post

Funds selected are on basis of
  • Alpha Ratio 
  • Risk - Reward Ratio
  • Rolling Returns calculation for 3 years
  • Out-performance in SIP Returns for 5 Years
  • Out-performance in Lump Sum returns compared to benchmark for 5 years
  • Funds in existence from 2008 which has seen the bear phase of global recession and bull phase later 
  • Funds AUM below 5000 Cr 
  • Funds provided returns more than 15% CAGR
Must Read : Best 3 Equity MF to Invest in 2016 via SIP

# 1 : Reliance Tax Saver Fund

The Fund has consistently outperformed its benchmark (S&P BSE 100) and the ELSS category across various times. The fund marginally under-performed the benchmark and the category during the bull phase of 2003 to 2007. It did picked up pace in December 2007 and thereafter consistently outperformed both the benchmark and the category across all market phases.
Reliance Tax Saver 5 Years SIP Returns



1 Year Rolling Returns for 3 Year Period

Performance : Lumpsum Rs 1,000 invested in the fund on 08/07/2011 would have grown to around Rs  21771 (XIRR return of 16.82 per cent) as on July 8th 2016. A similar investment in the benchmark would have grown to Rs 14881 (8.27 per cent).

A monthly systematic investment plan (SIP) of Rs 1,000 for a period of five years from 08/07/2011 to 08/07/2016 (on a principal of Rs 60,000) would grow to around Rs 101913, delivering an CAGR return of 16.9% per cent where as the same SIP in benchmark fund would grow to 78992 with a CAGR of 8.4% 


Must Read : Best 3 Mid Cap Fund Churning Money for Investors 

# 2 : Franklin India Tax Shield Fund 

Franklin India Tax Shield manages an AUM of 2146 Cr as on  30/05/2016. Fund is highly invested in Banks and Financial Services Stocks,Automobiles and technology. It should be a top choice for risk averse investors seeking ELSS benefits. 


Franklin India Tax Shield 5 Year SIP returns
1 Year Rolling Returns for 3 Year Period
Performance : Lumpsum Rs 1,000 invested in the fund on 07/08/2011 would have grown to around Rs  2073 (XIRR 15.67%) as on July 8th 2016. A similar investment in the benchmark NIFTY 500 would have grown to Rs 1528 with a modest XIRR of 8.83%

A monthly systematic investment plan (SIP) of Rs 1,000 for a period of five years from 07/08/2011 to 07/07/2016 (on a principal of Rs 60,000) would grow to around Rs 97845, delivering an XIRR return of 19.6% per cent where as the same SIP in benchmark fund would grow to 82443 with a XIRR of 12.5%

It is from the above data we can clearly identify the fact that Franklin Tax Sheild fund has clearly outperformed benchmark NIFTY 500 in Lumpsum as well as SIP returns.


Must Read : Why You Should Never Buy ULIP ?

# 3 : Birla Sun Life Tax Saver Plan  

After a bad patch from 2008-2010,Birla Sun Life Tax Plan has made a big comeback in the last five years, with a good run since 2014. If you check the rolling returns graph below, after 2014 fund has outperformed benchmark index S&P BSE Sensex. The fund's overweight positions in engineering and capital-goods majors has paid off in the first part of 2015. So did its underweight positions in financial services and energy.
Birla Sun Life Tax Saver 5 Years Sip Returns
Birla Sun Life 1 Year Rolling Returns for 3 year period
Performance : Lumpsum Rs 1,000 invested in the fund on 07/08/2011 would have grown to around Rs  2170 (XIRR 17.06%) as on July 8th 2016. A similar investment in the benchmark Sensex would have grown to Rs 1602 with a XIRR of 10.06%

A monthly systematic investment plan (SIP) of Rs 1,000 for a period of five years from 07/08/2011 to 07/07/2016 (on a principal of Rs 60,000) would grow to around Rs 99318 with a XIRR returns of 20.2% and SIP of Rs 1000 for same period in benchmark BSE SENSEX would have grown to 76670 with a CAGR of 9.6%

If you would like a fund which has proved itself across not one but multiple market cycles, this one fits the bill.


Points to remember while investing in ELSS
  • Money invested in ELSS are directly related to stock market, risk is involved.
  • Subsequent investment is also locked for 3 years. For Example you invested via SIP on 01/06/2016 & 01/07/2016 then on 01/06/2019 your units purchased on 01/06/2016 will be available for redemption
  • And lastly, you should consider that you can’t reduce the impact of market fall, as you can’t switch or redeem investment before 3 years
Must Read : Why Liquid Funds are better alternative to Savings Bank A/C

I hope you enjoyed reading the article , it takes time to write  articles with facts and figures, request you to please spread the word. A good way to start is to share this page on your social circle using floating social share bar on the left.

Who doesn't like a financial healthy life,In case if you want one contact me for Financial Planning, please do drop an email to me at vipuls1979@gmail.com. I would be happy to assist you

Mutual Funds & Insurance Related Articles :-
Benefits of SIP

What is SWP in mutual Funds
Best 3 Large Cap Mutual Funds for SIP in 2016 
Best 3 Midcap Mutual Funds for SIP in 2016
Why you should not buy ULIP 
How to Select Mutual Fund for Portfolio
Liquid Funds are better alternative than Savings Bank account 
What is FMP in Mutual Funds
Complete Guide on Monthly Income Plans
Complete Guide on Credit Opportunities Fund
How to Save Tax using Equity Linked Savings Scheme
How to Budget Your Money
How Much Insurance Do You Really Need
Why Should you buy Term Insurance Upto 60 Years
5 Must Have Insurance Policies for Women

Equities related article :




What is Power of Attorney in Online Trading?


Futures & Options related article :



















Bull Put Spread

In case of any further explanation you can reach me on vipuls1979@gmail.com or tweet me  @vipuls1979

Disclaimer  :-

The Article is only for information purposes and Vipul Shah (https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com) is not providing any professional/investment advice through it. The article does not constitute or is not intended to constitute an offer to buy or sell, or a solicitation to an offer to buy or sell financial products, units or securities. https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com disclaims warranty of any kind, whether express or implied, as to any matter/content contained in this article, including without limitation the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com and its subsidiaries / affiliates / sponsors / trustee or their officers, employees, personnel, directors will not be responsible for any direct/indirect loss or liability incurred by the user as a consequence of his or any other person on his behalf taking any investment decisions based on the contents of this guide. Use of this article is at the user’s own risk. The user must make his own investment decisions based on his specific investment objective and financial position and using such independent advisors as he believes necessary. https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com does not warrant completeness or accuracy of any information published in this guide. All intellectual property rights emerging from this article are and shall remain with https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com. This article is for your personal use and you shall not resell, copy, or redistribute this article , or use it for any commercial purpose. All names and situations depicted in the article are purely fictional and serve the purpose of illustration only. Any resemblance between the illustrations and any persons living or dead is purely coincidental.

Thursday, 30 June 2016

Mutual Funds - Does Size Really Matters ?

"Sizing Up Mutual Funds"

Small and mid-sized funds have performed better than their bigger counterparts in the past few years. Does size of the mutual fund really matter? You decide 



World renowned fund manager Peter Lynch says, “My biggest
disadvantage is size. The bigger the equity fund, the harder
it gets to outperform the competition.
” This saying holds true
even for the Indian mutual fund Industry. 


A large chunk of money is invested in ‘big corpus’ schemes by
retail investors. Unfortunately, such schemes have failed to deliver decent returns in the past few years.


On the other hand, newer schemes with limited size have been able to outperform and give huge returns over the benchmark indices. There is a perception in your mind that larger the fund size, better the performance of the scheme.
But in fund management, its gets more and more difficult to manage large-sized funds. 

Must Read : Best 3 Large Cap Equity Mutual Funds for SIP

Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) is a very successful phenomenon in the Indian mutual fund industry with a large number of investors entering mutual funds only through SIPs. So, whenever the fund receives money - whether it is weekly, monthly or quarterly, the fund manager needs to find opportunities in the market. It
becomes even more difficult for small and mid-sized funds to look for investing ideas as liquidity plays a very significant role in such funds and uncertain market conditions.


Large-sized funds can create problems for fund managers not only
in the mid and small-cap categories but also in the multi-cap and large-cap categories. The biggest issue any fund manager faces while managing large-sized mutual funds is that of liquidity and the availability of enough stock opportunities in such volatile markets.


To cite an example, many large-sized funds like HDFC Top 200, Franklin India Bluechip and DSP BlackRock Top 100 have struggled to outperform the market in the past few years.
Having said that these are funds that have seen different market cycles and superior past performance and can bounce back sooner than later.


Must Read : Best 3 Equity Midcap Funds Churning Money for Investors

But if we look at some other schemes with small corpus like Mirae Asset Emerging Bluechip Fund, SBI Magnum Midcap and Franklin India Smaller Companies Fund , we find that these funds with less than 3000 crore of the total corpus have delivered huge returns in the last few years. Many such funds have given returns in the range of 20% to 25% in the last one year.

When it comes to fund management,the size of the fund becomes a big hindrance to sustain its positive returns on a continuous basis. For example, if a fund manager runs a small fund with a corpus of 3000 crore, he can invest in any stock he likes. 

Suppose he invests in stock‘ABC’ and if he is bullish on that
particular stock, he can buy up to 10% in the fund. If his call goes right, then the fund might deliver outstanding returns and vice versa.



But supposing the fund manager manages 10,000 crore funds, he
cannot have 10% in any single stock, which might come to 1,000 crore. Such a strategy could backfire in a big way if that stock does not give the fund manager the desired result. Even if the fund manager takes a small exposure in that stock, it might not have an overall impact on the fund.


Must Read : Mutual Fund Versus ULIP



It is a known fact that whenever the funds get bigger, the universe of stocks gets smaller. Fund managers come in a situation where they can invest in select stocks out of hundreds. The competition gets fierce and it becomes more and more difficult to outperform the main benchmark indices. 

Many funds in India have performed very well in the past few years and once such funds get popular and start delivering positive returns on a continuous basis, they find more and more investors coming into their fold. This is where the problem of underperformance begins.

Globally we have seen how many funds became too large to handle; either they were turned into close-ended funds or they stopped taking in fresh investments. Even in India, IDFC Mutual Fund is one such fund house, which does not allow lump sum investments in their IDFC Premier Equity scheme. However,
investors can invest through SIPs.


Must Read : Liquid Funds Better alternative to Savings Bank A/c 

Many times when a fund becomes big, the fund manager sticks to
picking up stocks in line with the benchmark indices in order to take less risk. Many argue that with a larger corpus, the fund becomes ‘benchmark-linked funds’. This, in turn, would give the investor returns in line with the benchmark and take it high compared to index funds.


Of the many fund managers, some prefer managing small funds because it allows them to enter or exit any particular stock with ease, which becomes almost impossible in big-sized funds. However, one should never go by huge returns by small funds because few winning stocks in the portfolio could have a large impact on the fund’s performance.


New funds do not have a long track record, but there are many investors who could be lured to purchase a fund managed by a new manager. Funds are less diversified in some cases and the poor performance of one stock will have a large negative impact on
the overall portfolio.


Must Read : Risk Management for you in Broking House 

It is always difficult to predict how and when big-sized funds can go wrong in their investment strategies. But it is always seen that investors can find the schemes that have turned too large and not manageable when the fund manager tried to change his investment strategy and give returns in line or below the benchmark.
However such problem arises only in equity funds. But, with debt funds,exchange traded funds (ETFs) or index funds, size of the fund has nothing to do with returns.


If you want to look at the mutual fund size and their benefits or
disadvantages, you may consider these three options. Firstly, their total corpus, whether the funds’ size is shrinking month-on-month; then you should realize that the fund manager is not doing enough work and, hence, investors are moving away from the fund. Secondly,you should always invest according to your investment approach. If you are risk takers and want to invest from a long-term perspective, you should invest in mid and small-cap funds rather than diversified funds.


Lastly, many fund managers like to hold cash, thinking that they might invest when the markets correct. Sometimes the call might go
absolutely right, but on many occasions mutual fund managers are
known to have missed the rally as we have seen after the 2009 crises in the Indian markets.


Must Read : What are Monthly Income Plans (MIP) ?


IN A NUTSHELL

The main reason why small mutual funds turn big is because of their historical performances which attracts more and more investors.
But in the financial markets past performance does not decide the
performance of the future. 

Yet, there is no golden rule that you should stay away from big corpus funds or invest only in small-sized funds.
There is no direct correlation between the size of the fund and its
performance, but investors should not rush and invest only because ‘bigger is better’.
The right way to select a fund is to look at funds’ historical returns, their charges, their star ratings and whether or not they rank on the top in quartile of their category.


Must Read : How to Select Mutual Funds for Portfolio 

It is not easy to give good returns year on year. There might be times or even years when funds might under perform. One should not blindly follow them. If you want to seriously invest in mutual funds for your future prospects, then you can look at various schemes, which are top performers, although they have a
small corpus.
It is up to you to make sure that funds match your goals and if they are unable to do that, they can switch to other asset classes.


PPS: If you think this page and blog will be useful to any of your friends please spread the word. A good way to start is to share this page on your social circle using floating social share bar on the left

About the author
Vipul is a software sales professional for Asset Management Companies, Pension Fund and Stock Brokers from last 16 years. 

Vipul believes that the amount of financial information flowing our way is probably 10 times more than what it used to be 15 to 20 years back due to the advent of newer forms of communication.
All this information is creating an information overload in the minds of individuals resulting in analysis paralysis and he helps them select the right decision while creating a Goal based financial plan.
In case if you need a Financial Plan please connect to him on vipuls1979@gmail.com

Mutual Funds & Insurance Related Articles :-

Benefits of SIP
What is SWP in mutual Funds
Best 3 Large Cap Mutual Funds for SIP in 2016 
Best 3 Midcap Mutual Funds for SIP in 2016
Why you should not buy ULIP 
How to Select Mutual Fund for Portfolio
Liquid Funds are better alternative than Savings Bank account 
What is FMP in Mutual Funds
Complete Guide on Monthly Income Plans
Complete Guide on Credit Opportunities Fund
How to Save Tax using Equity Linked Savings Scheme
How to Budget Your Money
How Much Insurance Do You Really Need
Why Should you buy Term Insurance Upto 60 Years
5 Must Have Insurance Policies for Women

Equities related article :




What is Power of Attorney in Online Trading?


Futures & Options related article :



















Bull Put Spread

In case of any further explanation you can reach me on vipuls1979@gmail.com or tweet me  @vipuls1979

Disclaimer  :-

The Article is only for information purposes and Vipul Shah (https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com) is not providing any professional/investment advice through it. The article does not constitute or is not intended to constitute an offer to buy or sell, or a solicitation to an offer to buy or sell financial products, units or securities. https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com disclaims warranty of any kind, whether express or implied, as to any matter/content contained in this article, including without limitation the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com and its subsidiaries / affiliates / sponsors / trustee or their officers, employees, personnel, directors will not be responsible for any direct/indirect loss or liability incurred by the user as a consequence of his or any other person on his behalf taking any investment decisions based on the contents of this guide. Use of this article is at the user’s own risk. The user must make his own investment decisions based on his specific investment objective and financial position and using such independent advisors as he believes necessary. https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com does not warrant completeness or accuracy of any information published in this guide. All intellectual property rights emerging from this article are and shall remain with https://investkiyakya.blogspot.com. This article is for your personal use and you shall not resell, copy, or redistribute this article , or use it for any commercial purpose. All names and situations depicted in the article are purely fictional and serve the purpose of illustration only. Any resemblance between the illustrations and any persons living or dead is purely coincidental.